Adult Acne: What Causes Acne?

No matter what a person's age, acne is caused when excess sebum, skin cells and bacteria accumulate on the skin which is an oil that the body produces to help naturally moisturize the skin. There are many different factors that can contribute to formation of acne. Here are some of the most common:

Hormone Fluctuations
One of the most important factors is hormone fluctuations. During adolescence, acne is most closely associated with puberty and the vastly changing hormone levels in the body. In adulthood, many women are plagued by a monthly outbreak of acne due to the changing hormone levels associated with menstruation. These hormone fluctuations also occur during pregnancy and menopause, and during these time periods acne can suddenly develop or worsen.

Taking Certain Medications
Another factor that can contribute to the formation of acne is medication. Acne can be a side effect of some prescription medications, including anticonvulsants, corticosteroids and sobriety drugs. You should never stop taking a prescription medication without consulting your doctor, but it is possible to discuss options with your physician to determine if another chemical will work as effectively without the unwanted side effect of acne. If there are no alternatives to the prescription, consult a dermatologist to determine ways to control the acne.

Family History of Acne
In one study conducted, researchers found that half of the adults with acne had a parent, sibling or child who also was afflicted with acne. This evidence suggests that there may be a genetic component involved, and certain people could be predisposed to developing acne during their lifetime.

Stress
Recent research indicates that stress may act as a trigger in the development of acne. Studies have shown a relationship between high stress levels and increased incidence of acne. People in fast-paced, demanding careers have been found to be at a higher risk of developing acne. The body produces more androgens in response to stress. Androgens are a type of hormone that stimulates oil glands and hair follicles in the skin. When androgens are over stimulated, such as during times of stress, acne can flare due to an increase in oil production.

Products for the Hair and Skin
Certain products, such as oily sunscreens, lotions and other forms of cosmetics, promote a specific type of acne called acne cosmetica. While this can occur all over the body, it is much more common on the face, neck, hairline and scalp. The acne forms because the product accumulates in pores, and excess skin and oils build up and clog the pore, causing a blemish or pimple. When buying products, it is best to use those labeled "non-comedogenic" or "non-acnegenic" because they are less likely to cause acne.